Which South American country is named after its liberator?

Bolivia takes its name from Simon Bolivar, who led independence campaigns across the northern Andes against Spanish rule in the early nineteenth century. When the territory of Upper Peru separated after independence, its assembly named the new republic in his honour and invited him to draft its constitution. Bolivar's ambition went further than any single country: he wanted a federation of the liberated Spanish territories, and Gran Colombia, uniting the areas of present-day Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador and Panama, was his attempt at it. Distance, poor communications and rival regional elites pulled it apart within a decade, and he died disillusioned. The wider independence movement was set off partly by events in Europe, when Napoleon deposed the Spanish king and colonial elites had to decide whom they actually owed allegiance to, a question that once asked could not be unasked.

Bolivia lost its coastline to Chile in a later war and has been landlocked since, though it still maintains a navy on Lake Titicaca.